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Francis Pegahmagabow MM & two bars (/ˌpɛɡəməˈɡæboʊ/; March 9, 1891 – August 5, 1952) was a Canadian First Nations soldier, politician and activist. Corporal Francis Pegahmagabow, MM and two bars, (March 9, 1891 ndash; August 5, 1952) was the aboriginal soldier most highly decorated for bravery in Canadian military history and the most effective sniper of World War I. Pegahmagabow returned to Canada in 1919 and lived on Parry Island. Resource Services Library, 2007. Accessed 21 Oct. 2018. The Eagle was the spirit animal of Pegahmagabow, and the caribou represents the Caribou clan. Pegahmagabow was awarded the Military Medal in 1916; the citation speaks of his great bravery, disregard for danger, and faithfulness to duty. Sniper specialist with iron nerves, patience and superb marksmanship. Three times awarded the Military Medal and seriously wounded, he was an expert marksman and scout, credited with killing 378 Germans and capturing 300 more. . He sailed overseas with the 1st Battalion and was engaged in fierce fighting at the desperate trial-by-fire battle of 2nd Ypres in April 1915 where the Germans unleashed chlorine gas for the first time in the history of warfare. Francis Pegahmagabow MM & two bars (March 8, 1889 – August 5, 1952) was the most effective sniper of World War I. Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. Brune, Nick. The front returned to its static nature and soldiers dug deeper trenches to avoid the murderous artillery and sniper fire. An Ojibwa from the Perry Island Band in Ontario, he was awarded the Military Medal plus two bars for acts of bravery in Belgium and France. Francis was promoted to lance corporal in 1915 after serving in Ypres. Corporal Francis Pegahmagabow (1891-1952) is one of the most highly decorated aboriginal soldiers in Canadian military history. From 1921 to 1925, Pegahmagabow was chief of the Parry Island Band, and a councillor from 1933 to 1936. Corporal Pegahmagabow was awarded the Military Medal with two bars, in effect three Military Medals, for heroism on the battlefield. There is no specific documentation on when Pegahmagabow won the Military Medal and his second bar, but evidence suggests that he was awarded the Military Medal for his bravery at the June 1916 battle of Mount Sorrel and his second bar at Amiens in August 1918. Francis Pegahmagabow was a First Nations soldier most highly decorated for bravery in Canadian military history and the most effective sniper of World War I. Francis Pegahmagabow MM & two bars (/ ˌ p ɛ ɡ ə m ə ˈ ɡ æ b oʊ /; March 9, 1891 – August 5, 1952) was a Canadian First Nations soldier, politician and activist. They decided to abolish the racist policy allowing for approximately 4000 Indigenous Canadians to fight. He was an Ojibwa from the Parry Island Band in Ontario who was awarded the Military Medal plus two bars for his battlefield service during the First World War. Similar acts of valour were recognized by additional bars to that medal, and Pegahmagabow was one of only 39 members of the Canadian Expeditionary Force to receive two bars to the Military Medal. He was also remembered for ensuring that the culture of his people was not lost and, while chief, he encouraged the study and practice of the band's traditions. Of the more than 600,000 Canadian troops who served during the war, he was one of only 39 soldiers to be awarded the Canadian Military Medal and two bars for valour. Establishing himself behind the front lines or slowly worming his way into No Man's Land at night, Peggy would wait for German soldiers to show themselves. His son, Duncan, recounted that Peggy always felt "very strongly about his country." Francis Pegahmagabow ('Peggy') - Ojibwe (Parry Island, ON) - Most highly decorated Native Canadian in the First World War. Francis Pegahmagabow was one of the most highly decorated Indigenous soldiers of the First World War. There is no specific documentation on when Pegahmagabow won the Military Medal and his second bar, but evidence suggests that he was awarded the Military Medal for his bravery at the June 1916 battle of Mount Sorrel and his second bar … Francis first signed up to join the Canadian Army at the beginning of World War One, and he served right through to the end in 1918. Francis Pegahmagabow : biography March 9, 1891 – August 5, 1952 In 2003 the Pegahmagabow family donated his medals, and chief head dress to the Canadian War Museum where they can be seen as of 2010 as part of the World War I display. ( Log Out / Francis Pegahmagabow fought throughout the entirety of World War 1, and proved … After the war, the Prince of Wales acknowledged the Iroquois Six Nations of Grand River soldiers, which had the highest enlistment, with a plaque to commemorate their contributions to the war. Their purpose was to award Pegahmagabow for his heroic contributions in WWI: he was credited with about 378 kills and the capture of approximately 300 prisoners. In November 1917, the 1st Battalion was again thrown into battle, this time in the soggy morass near the ruined village of Passchendaele. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Pegahmagabow was one of 39 members of the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF) to receive two bars to the MM. The content within the image depicts Pegahmagabow’s medal set including the Star (1914-1915), the British… In case of his death, authorities are to notify Indian Superintendent D.F. Change ), Defining Canada: History, Identity, and Culture. Francis Pegahmagabow MM & Two bars (March 9, 1891 – August 5, 1952) was the First Nations soldier most highly decorated for bravery in Canadian military history and the … YOUR COUNTRY. He proved to be an effective and deadly marksman, and quickly began to account for dozens of the enemy. He continued to serve with the Algonquin [Militia] Regiment. Pegahmagabow was one of only thirty-nine men in the entire Canadian Expeditionary Force to receive the Military Medal with two bars. Corporal Pegahmagabow was awarded the Military Medal with two bars, in effect three Military Medals, for heroism on the battlefield. Three times awarded the… Francis Pegahmagabow was born on what is now the Shawanaga First Nation reserve. He was awarded the Military Medal (MM) plus two bars for bravery in Belgium and France. Francis Pegahmagabow was born on what is now the Shawanaga First Nation reserve. Francis Pegahmagabow's medal set includes the Military Medal, with two bars, the 1914-1915 Star, the British War Medal 1914-1920, and the Victory Medal 1914-1919. The artifacts are WWI medals originating from Francis Pegahmagabow, an Ojibwa Canadian soldier. However, it must be recognized that Indigenous rights were never able to be perfected in Canada even after WWI and are still a very prominent issue seen in society today, as can be seen with the implementation of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, for example. Despite having clearly already done his duty in two years of difficult conditions, Peggy returned to his battalion. Pegahmagabow Medals Corporal Francis Pegahmagabow’s medals were donated to the Museum by his children.Corporal Pegahmagabow — one of the most highly decorated Aboriginal soldiers in Canadian history — was awarded three military medals for heroism on the battlefield. On ‘National Aboriginal Day,’ June 21, 2016, a life-size bronze statue of Francis Pegahmagabow was installed in Parry Sound, near Georgian Bay. He was awarded the 1914-15 Star, a medal given to those who took part in the opening of the war; the British War Medal, which was given to those who completed 28 days of mobilized service; and the Victory Medal, which was given to those who had earned the 1914 or 1914-15 Star and British War Medal [6.] (Page 96) Various dates – He has no next of kin. ( Log Out / Unfortunately, the purpose of these statements was to conceal contemporary racist attitudes in Canada; however, by 1915, the Canadian government was bombarded by increasing casualties overseas. An Ojibwa he grew up at the Parry Island (Wasauksing) Band, near Parry Sound, Ontario. Through courage and determination, the Canadians eventually captured Passchendaele ridge, a position that had eluded the rest of the British Army for three months. November 25, 1976 – In addition to the Military Medal, he also received the 1914-15 Star, the British War Medal and the Victory Medal. He recevied his … The Ojibwa from Parry Island was twice wound-ed but willingly returned to his unit after recovery. Francis was also in the battle of the Somme which is where he got shot in the leg, he was able to recover and return to his unit in time to go fight in Belgium. Several other Indigenous soldiers were recognized, including Pegahmagabow who was the most decorated Indigenous soldier. Koennecke, Franz. Francis Pegahmagabow MM & Two Bars, (March 9, 1891 – August 5, 1952) was the First Nations soldier most highly decorated for bravery in Canadian military history and the most effective sniper of World War I. His father was Michael Pegahmagabow of the Parry Island First Nation and his mother Mary Contin of the Henvey Inlet First Nation, located further up the Georgian Bay's north shore. Bumsted, J. M., and Ken Kuffert. Interpreting Canada’s Past. Although there are no exact figures recorded, accounts of his "kills" vary to as high as 378. Defining Canada: History, Identity, and Culture. During the First World War, Francis was awarded the Military Medal and earned two bars. Pegahmagabow’s Military Medals were won during charnel house battles, at places whose names are still chiselled on monuments in towns and cities across this country. Specifically, to this situation, the impressive collection of the medals shows the tremendous influence Indigenous peoples were able to contribute to WWI. The statue had a ‘Ross’ rifle slung over one shoulder and a caribou at its feet, depicting Pegahmagabow’s actions during World War I … ( Log Out / Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. The artifacts are WWI medals originating from Francis Pegahmagabow, an Ojibwa Canadian soldier. A value of the artifacts, in terms of understanding modernity, is that it demonstrates the presence of Canadian Indigenous soldiers fighting in WWI. Pegahmagabow was one of those rare Canadian soldiers who enlisted in 1914 and fought to the end of the war. 64 relations. Pegahmagabow would have spent the battle racing over land through the quagmire of mud under a hail of shrapnel fire. An Ojibwa from the Perry Island Band in Ontario, he was awarded the Military Medal plus two bars for acts of bravery in Belgium and France. The acknowledgments of Aboriginal soldiers contributions to WWI through plaques and medals exhibits modernity from a Canadian perspective because it shows the increase in respect Canada developed for Indigenous peoples, opposed to the beginning of the war where they were not allowed to enlist. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. Francis Pegahmagabow MM & Two Bars, (March 9, 1891 – August 5, 1952) was the First Nations soldier most highly decorated for bravery in Canadian military history and the most effective sniper of World War I. An Ojibwa he grew up at the Parry Island (Wasauksing) Band, near Parry Sound, Ontario. Oxford University Press Canada, 2005. Accessed 27 Oct. 2018. YOUR MUSEUM. Pegahmagabow was Canada's most decorated Aboriginal soldier in the First World War. Three times awarded the Military Medal and seriously wounded, he was an expert marksman and scout, credited with killing 378 Germans and capturing 300 more. In 2019, Swedish metal band Sabaton released an album about the First World War called The Great War, included a song about Francis called A Ghost In The Trenches. Currently, his medals are at the Canadian War Museum. Their purpose was to award Pegahmagabow for his heroic contributions in WWI: he was credited with about 378 kills and the capture of approximately 300 prisoners. Francis Pegahmagabow was one of the most highly decorated Indigenous soldiers of the First World War. Several months later, while fighting on the Somme, he was wounded in the leg. Francis Pegahmagabow medals Francis pegahmagabow was a first nations soldier who fought in WW1 and many other wars. Peggy, as his fellow soldiers called him, enlisted in August 1914 and was part of the First Contingent of soldiers to go overseas. The content within the image depicts Pegahmagabowâs medal set including the Star (1914-1915), the British War Medal (1914-1920), the Victory Medal (1914-1919) and the Military Medal with two bars from the Battle of Passchendaele (1917), and the Battle of Amiens (1918). Three times awarded the Military Medal and seriously wounded, he was an expert marksman and scout, credited with killing 378 Germans and capturing 300 more. Controversy While writing his 2005 novel Three Day Road, Joseph Boyden […] He was the most highly decorated for bravery in Canadian military history and the most effective sniper … LAC Reference: RG 150, Accession 1992-93/166, Box 1Box 1Box 7701-23: Research Notes: Portrait of Francis Pegahmagabow held at the Canadian War Museum, as well as his traditional head dress.According to the CWM: "Following the war, Pegahmagabow became an advocate for First Nations' rights and served as Chief of his Parry Island Band, Wasauksing First Nation, from 1921 to 1925." Francis Pegahmagabow - Military Career. Francis Pegahmagabow's Medals. He is a member of Canada's Indian Hall of Fame and died in 1952. Canadian journalist Adrian Hayes wrote a biography of Pegahmagabow titled Pegahmagabow: Legendary Warrior, Forgotten Hero, published in 2003, and another titled Pegahmagabow: Life-Long Warrior, published in 2009. MacDonald of Parry Sound and Miss C. J. Holland of Owen Sound, Ontario. Pegahmagabow was one of 39 members of the Canadian Expeditionary Force who received two bars in addition to the Military M… ( Log Out / An Ojibwa from the Perry Island Band in Ontario. âFrancis Pegahmagabow.â The Canadian Encyclopedia, 4 Feb. 2008, http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/en/article/francis-pegahmagabow/. Accessed 21 Oct. 2018. âMedals – Peghamagabow’s Medal Set.â Canada and the First World War, http://www.warmuseum.ca/firstworldwar/objects-and-photos/decorations-and-memorials/medals/peghamagabows-medal-set/?back=1602&anchor=2242. Accessed 21 Oct. 2018. In addition to his role as a sniper, Peggy exhibited great battlefield bravery at the Battle of Mount Sorrel in June 1916 where he captured a large number of German prisoners. With the regular severing of telephone wires by artillery fire, it was only through the bravery of runners and scouts like Peggy that those in the rear had any hope of assisting the fighting men at the "sharp end" of battle. The novel's protagonist is a fictional character who, like Pegahmagabow, serves as a military sniper during World War I, although Pegahmagabow also appears as a minor char… MEDALS AND MEMORIES MINUTES Francis Pegahmagabow (1891-1952) three times awarded the Military Medal in WWI was an expert marksman and scout credited with killing up to 378 Germans and capturing 300 more. Throughout his service at the front, he became Canada's premier sniper of the war. He won the first bar to his Military Medal here and the citation reads: Passchendaele was a battle of nightmarish conditions. Francis first signed up to join the Canadian Army at the beginning of World War One, and he … Corporal Francis Pegahmagabow 6846 was one of the most highly decorated Indigenous soldiers of the Great War. Peggy survived even though the 1st Battalion lost almost half of its strength in three days of bitter fighting. A limitation is that the medals are unable to communicate how Indigenous peoples were treated on the battlegrounds, such as the racism they may have experienced. He was also awarded a 1914–15 Star, the British War Medal and the Victory Medal. Three times awarded the Military Medal and seriously wounded, he was an expert marksman and scout, credited with killing 378 Germans and capturing 300 more. (Page 82) Resource Services Library, 2007. Accessed 21 Oct. 2018. Koennecke, Franz. He was orphaned at an early age and was raised by the Shawanaga First Nation community. He was awarded the Military Medal plus two bars for acts of bravery in Belgium and France. Francis Pegahmagabow MM & two bars (/ˌpɛɡəməˈɡæboʊ/; March 9, 1889 – August 5, 1952) was the First Nations soldier most highly decorated for bravery in Canadian military history and the most effective sniper of World War I. Awards and Medals Francis Pegahmagabow got his first bar in the battle of Passchendaele. In November 1918, the war came to an end and in 1919 Pegahmagabow was invalided back to Canada. ... For these efforts he received a second bar to his Military Medal, becoming one of only 38 Canadians to receive this honour. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. His father was Michael Pegahmagabow of the Parry Island First Nation and his mother Mary Contin of the Henvey Inlet First Nation, located further up the Georgian Bay's north shore. Canadian novelist Joseph Boyden's 2005 novel Three Day Roadwas inspired in part by Pegahmagabow. Soldiers who had been awarded the Military Medal and later performed similar heroic acts could receive bars to it, denoting further awards. Cpl Pegahmagabow soon acquired a fierce reputation among his fellow soldiers as a deadly sniper. Francis Pegahmagabow is not a well-known name, but he was a Canadian First Nation sniper-hero of World War One and the most-awarded native soldier in the Canadian military. âFrancis Pegahmagabow.â, http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/en/article/francis-pegahmagabow/. Accessed 21, http://www.warmuseum.ca/firstworldwar/objects-and-photos/decorations-and-memorials/medals/peghamagabows-medal-set/?back=1602&anchor=2242. Accessed 21. Introduction: Francis Pegahmagabow (9 March 1891-5 August 1952) was the most decorated Canadian First Nation soldier in the First World War. YOUR HISTORY. Initially, the Canadian Militia Council prohibited Indigenous peoples from enlisting arguing that âGermans might refuse to extend them the privileges of civilized warfareâ (Bumsted, J. M., and Ken Kuffert). The artifact to the right is a medal set which originates and belonged to Francis Pegahmagabow who was esteemed as Canada’s most victorious Aboriginal leader. Awarded Military Medal (MM) plus two bars for bravery in Belgium and France.
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