ms estonia diving bodies

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[33][34] A storm damaged the car ferry and it sank in minutes – one the worst maritime disasters in Europe. Authorities believe 996 people were aboard the Estonia when it sank on a voyage from Tallinn, Estonia, to Stockholm. The Joint Accident Investigation Commission. Survivors reported that water flowed down from ceiling panels, stairwells and along corridors from decks that were not yet under water. [5][6], As the largest Estonian-owned ship of the time, the Estonia symbolized the independence that Estonia regained after the collapse of the Soviet Union. [19] The first metallic bang was believed to have been the sound of the visor's lower locking mechanism failing, and subsequent noises were the visor 'flapping' against the hull as the other locks failed, before tearing free and exposing the bow ramp. Estonia directed a call to Silja Europa and only after making contact with her did the radio operator utter the word "Mayday". All the countries were opposed to re-floating the MS Estonia, due to the costs and complex logistics involved with raising such a large vessel, not to mention the large number of bodies trapped in the hull. As a result, documentary director Henrik Evertsson and another crew member were arrested following their examination of the site last September, and face up to two years’ imprisonment in Sweden for violating the sanctity of the gravesite. After a decision not to salvage the wreck or the bodies of the victims, the governments of Sweden, Estonia and Finland signed a treaty in 1995, where they agreed to designate the site of the wreck a final resting place and make it illegal for its citizens to disturb the site by diving down to it. [14] Esa Mäkelä, the captain of Silja Europa who was appointed on-scene commander for the subsequent rescue effort, described the weather as "normally bad", or like a typical autumn storm in the Baltic Sea. Demands were also made that the entire ship be raised so that the cause of the disaster could be discovered by detailed inspection. The investigation undertaken in 1997 concluded that heavy seas wrenched the bow doors open, which allowed seawater to gush into … When her charter ended in April 1990, Viking Sally had an unusual change of service. Diagram of the visor that failed. The Case Estonia – A journalist searching for the truth. In total, 94 bodies were recovered: 93 within 33 days of the accident, the last victim was found 18 months later. Of the 989 on board, 138 were rescued, one of whom died later in hospital. [26] Members of the Joint Accident Investigation Commission denied these claims, saying that the damage seen on the debris occurred during the visor's detachment from the vessel. The MS Estonia sank in the Baltic Sea in 1994, killing 852 people. [13] Estonia was turned to port and slowed before her four engines cut out completely.[13]. 503)", "Chapter 13.5 – Failure sequence of bow visor and ramp", "Figure 3.4 Approximate field of vision from the bridge. [5][6][8] Viking Sally was chartered to Rederi AB Slite to continue on her current traffic for the next three years.[5][6][8]. The British government signed a treaty in 1995 making it illegal for anyone to dive down to the wreckage. [13] At about 01:15, the visor separated and the ship's bow door opened. As with many ships, Viking Sally suffered some mishaps during her Viking Line service, being grounded in the Åland Archipelago in May 1984 and suffering some propeller problems in April of the following year. Recommendations for modifications to be applied to similar ships included separation of the condition sensors from the latch and hinge mechanisms. During this and several other dives by the same team, nearly 100 bodies were discovered in a fairly small section of the ship. The bodies of these voyagers still lie within the vessel, completely decomposed, as the MS Estonia serves as an unorthodox crematorium. 852 lives were lost. The area near the Finnish island of Utö was designated a sea grave, prohibiting further exploration of the wreckage. ... in part because of the cost and logistics of raising the vast number of bodies … Estonia previously sailed as Viking Sally (1980–1990), Silja Star (1990–1991), and Wasa King (1991–1993). 2.1 The Distress Communication", HELCOM reports a noticeable drop in shipping accidents in the Baltic, Directorate-General for Transport and Energy (European Commission), "The Revised SOLAS Regulations for Ro-Ro Ferries", "Passenger information required on all passenger ships from 1 January 1999", Simplified Voyage Data Recorders -Why choose float free, Liferaft Systems Australia: Maib Interim Safety Recommendation on The Use of Vertical Chute Type Marine Evacuation Systems, "Death in the Baltic: the MI6 connection", "Finnish Estonia Commission members still reject explosion theories", "Utredningen om transport av försvarsmateriel på M/S Estonia", "Riigikogu Committee of Investigation to Ascertain the Circumstances Related to the Export of Military Equipment from the Territory of the Republic of Estonia on the Ferry Estonia in 1994 – Final Report", "Documentary: MS Estonia has a large hole in the hull", "Head of MS Estonia investigation: Estonia sank on collision with submarine", "Estonian tuho lietsoi salaliittoteorioita", "Justitieutskottets betänkande 1994/95: JuU23 Gravfrid över m/s Estonia", "Agreement between the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Finland and the Kingdom of Sweden regarding the M/S Estonia", "Sjöfartsverket höll tyst om stoppade Estonia-dykare", "Built From Disaster Season 1 Episode 2: Ships", "Chapter 5.4 – Meteorological conditions", "Condition Survey of the Vessel "Estonia" for the Swedish National Maritime Administration. The disaster had a major impact on ferry safety, leading to changes in safety regulations as well as in life-raft design,[18] much as the Titanic disaster did in 1912. [13] Over the next 10 minutes, similar noises were reported by passengers and other crew. [34] The Estonia Agreement 1995, a treaty among Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Denmark, Russia and the United Kingdom, declared sanctity over the site, prohibiting their citizens from even approaching the wreck. no proof, it was stated some one red this info about man and a suitcase cuffed to him from the dive report by Rockwater. Diving video 2 (bits of flesh seen floating around) Pictures: Screencaps of another simulation. According to the Swedish Ministry of Defence, no such equipment was on board on the day of the disaster, and previous investigations by the Swedish Customs Service found no reports of any anomalous activity around the day of the disaster. At least twice, the Swedish Navy has discovered diving operations at the wreck. The sinking of the Estonia has been the subject of a number of documentaries in addition to the feature film Baltic Storm, including: It was also mentioned in the Swedish film Force Majeure.[2]. MS Isabella saved 16 survivors with its rescue slide. All scheduled passenger ferries were at sea. Recent explorations of the wreck site has found the "MS Estonia" lying on the side 240 feet down. She was painted in Silja Line's colours, renamed Silja Star and placed on the same route that she had plied for Viking Line: Turku–Mariehamn–Stockholm. In January 1993, at the same time when EffJohn decided to merge Wasa Line's operations into Silja Line, Wasa King was sold to Nordström & Thulin for use on Estline's Tallinn–Stockholm traffic under the name Estonia. Still missing are 757 persons. [5], Meyer Werft had constructed a large number of ships for various Viking Line partner companies during the 1970s. The M.S. According to the final disaster report, the weather was rough, with a wind of 15 to 20 metres per second (29 to 39 kn; 34 to 45 mph), force 7–8 on the Beaufort scale and a significant wave height of 4 to 6 metres (13 to 20 ft)[JAIC 3] compared with the highest measured significant wave height in the Baltic Sea of 7.7 metres (25.3 ft). MS Estonia was a cruiseferry built in 1979/80 at the German shipyard Meyer Werft in Papenburg. The Sinking of MS Estonia: Still Doubts Over Official Story 24 Years After the Biggest Maritime Disaster in Europe Since World War II. The makers of the Discovery Networks documentary Estonia: The Find That Changes Everything discovered the hole when they explored the wreckage with a remote-controlled submarine. One of the victims of the sinking was the Estonian singer Urmas Alender. [JAIC 4] The official report indicated that the locks on the bow door had failed from the strain of the waves and the door had separated from the rest of the vessel, pulling the ramp behind it ajar. [7] She was the largest ship to serve on that route at the time. After the sinking, due to public pressure to investigate the sinking, a dive team investigated the site and infiltrated into sections of the ship including the upper deck, the bridge, and several lower-decks during which they found nearly 100 bodies in the course of what was a fairly, due to the extreme environment, limited survey of only a few select sections of the wreck (as it was later revealed, only months earlier the MS Estonia's … The JAIC cited results from Germany's Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, which found that Jutta Rabe's samples did not prove an explosion occurred. This is the worst disaster in the history of … She was carrying 989 people: 803 passengers and 186 crew. Nordic leaders have announced that they will examine evidence from a new television documentary that could shatter the official explanation of how 852 people died in a 1994 ferry sinking in the Baltic Sea. [2][3] It is one of the deadliest peacetime sinkings of a European ship, after the RMS Titanic (1912) and the RMS Empress of Ireland (1914), and the deadliest peacetime shipwreck to have occurred in European waters, with 852 lives lost. Life-raft from the MS Estonia. Survivors described hearing a loud bang and Reintamm said he saw a large white object in the water next to the ferry, testimony that experts interviewed in the programme said had not been taken into account before now. Search and rescue followed arrangements set up under the 1979 International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (the SAR Convention), and the nearest Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre MRCC Turku coordinated the effort in accordance with Finland's plans. He is entering Cabin 6129 on Deck 6. The wreck lies in soft mud at a depth of between 60-80 meters. The radio operator on Silja Europa, chief mate Teijo Seppelin, replied in English: "Estonia, are you calling mayday?" SOLAS 90, which came into effect in 2010, specifies existing passenger ships' stability requirements and those in North West Europe must also be able to survive 50 centimetres (20 in) of water on the car deck. [5][6] It has been reported that the Wasa King was widely considered to be the best behaving ship in rough weather to have sailed from Vaasa. This scheme had worked for the relatively small number of accidents involving sinkings, particularly as most ships have few people on board.[16]. Two bodies have subsequently been found in the area of the Gulf of Finland, one in the open sea and one on the shorelines of Estonia. ): CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, List of accidents and disasters by death toll, "Estonia shipwreck investigator and nautical linguist Captain Uno Laur dies", "Simplon Postcards: Viking Sally – Wasa King – Silja Star – Estonia", "Final report on the MV ESTONIA disaster of 28 September 1994", "Estonia final report. The same effect caused the capsizing of MS Herald of Free Enterprise seven years earlier. Map showing where divers observed bodies (2) Highlight from official report regarding diver's discovery of victims: This video was done not long after the disaster so the cabin is checked for bodies first, 852 people died and many bodies would still be inside the ship. An identical bow construction had also been used in Diana II. Mariella winched open liferafts into the sea onto which 13 people on Estonia's rafts successfully transferred, and reported the location of other rafts to Swedish and Finnish rescue helicopters, the first of which arrived at 03:05. Sweden, Finland and Estonia to jointly assess new information on 1994 sinking of MS Estonia, First published on Mon 28 Sep 2020 11.24 EDT. Divers have found 125 bodies in the restaurants and bars, and about 600 are still in their cabins; whole families are buried down there. Survivors and relatives of those killed have fought for more than two decades for a fuller investigation, with some claiming that the opening of the bow visor would not have caused the vessel to sink as quickly as it did. [5][6] The reason for this was that Silja's new ship for Helsinki–Stockholm service was built behind schedule and one of the Turku–Stockholm ships, Wellamo, was transferred to that route until the new ship was complete in November 1990. The actual ownership of the ship was rather complex, in order for Nordström & Thulin to get a loan to buy the ship. Many bodies remain unrecovered in the wreck and exploratory diving was banned at the site under a 1995 agreement signed by the governments of Estonia, Finland and Sweden. No victims were found on the seabed surrounding the wreck or on the external areas of the wreck during the diving survey. Passenger facilities were located on decks 6, 5, 4, 1, while the crew members occupied the decks 9 and 7. Authorities believe 996 people were aboard the Estonia when it sank on a voyage from Tallinn, Estonia, to Stockholm. Instead of retrieving the bodies, the government of Sweden hired a Dutch marine salvage firm, Smit Tak BV, that specializes in neutralizing underwater nuclear waste, spending $350 million in a failed attempt to cover the ship in concrete. In 1997, investigators concluded the disaster was caused by the bow door of the ship being wrenched open in heavy seas, allowing water to gush into the car deck. CHAPTER 27 . Citing the practical difficulties and the moral implications of raising decaying bodies from the sea floor (the majority of the bodies were never recovered), and fearing the financial burden of lifting the entire hull to the surface and the salvage operation, the Swedish government suggested burying the whole ship in situ with a shell of concrete. These include a collision with another vessel, either a military ship or a submarine, as well as theories that organised crime gangs were involved or that an explosion went off on the ship. No victims were found on the seabed surrounding the wreck or on the external areas of the wreck during the diving survey. The Baltic is one of the world's busiest shipping areas, with 2,000 vessels at sea at any time, and these plans assumed the ship's own boats and nearby ferries would provide immediate help and that helicopters could be airborne after an hour. An international agreement declared the wreck a grave site in 1995 and banned diving there. This is a modal window. This video was done not long after the disaster so the cabin is checked for bodies first, 852 people died and many bodies … The bodies of these voyagers still lie within the vessel, completely decomposed, as the MS Estonia serves as an unorthodox crematorium.The disaster claimed 852 lives. The report was critical of the crew's actions, particularly for failing to reduce speed before investigating the noises emanating from the bow, and for being unaware that the list was being caused by water entering the vehicle deck. The accident claimed 852 lives. When Sally took over the construction contract, the ship was lengthened from the original length of approximately 137 metres (449 ft) to approximately 155 metres (509 ft) and the superstructure of the ship was largely redesigned. As a result, the ship was actually registered in both Cyprus and Estonia. A diver with nerves of steel enters the wreck of the Estonia ferry that sank in 1994 to gather evidence for the investigation into it's sinking. [JAIC 8], In 1999, special training requirements in crowd and crisis management and human behaviour were extended to crew on all passenger ships, and amendments were made to watch-keeping standards. A tragic accident, due to a combination of factors, including uneven loading of cargo, rough seas and ill advised behaviour (turning too fast) by the ship's captain. A thorough examination of the MS Estonia would have helped in construction of new ferries, where potential weaknesses would have been identified. Liskeard: Exposure. This contributed to the rapid sinking. At the last moment, the company withdrew their order and the contract went to Rederi Ab Sally, one of the partners in the Viking Line consortium (SF Line, another partner in Viking Line, had also been interested in the ship). Until now the countries involved, including Estonia, Sweden and Finland, have proven extremely reluctant to re-examine the causes of the disaster. [2] By the time the rescue helicopters arrived, around a third of those who escaped from the Estonia had died of hypothermia, while fewer than half of those who had managed to leave the ship were eventually rescued. After that, the voice of third mate Andres Tammes took over on Estonia and the conversation shifted to Finnish. [4], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}59°23′0″N 21°40′0″E / 59.38333°N 21.66667°E / 59.38333; 21.66667, The ship was originally ordered from Meyer Werft by a Norwegian shipping company led by Parley Augustsen with intended traffic between Norway and Germany. Two bodies have subsequently been found in the area of the Gulf of Finland, one in the open sea and one on the shorelines of Estonia. [5], Originally the ship was conceived as a sister ship to Diana II, built in 1979 by the same shipyard for Rederi AB Slite, the third partner in Viking Line. From 1st to 4th December 1994 the wreck was examined by divers from Rockwater A/S Stavanger and by ROVs from Smit Tak, Rotterdam (parent company of Rockwater A/S) apparently contracted by the Swedish Sjöfarts-verket. The construction of the ship's bow consisted of an upwards-opening visor and a car ramp that was placed inside the visor when it was closed. Diving video 1. This investigation found a 4-metre hole in the ship's hull. The official report says that while the exact speed at the time of the accident is not known, Estonia had very regular voyage times, averaging 16 to 17 knots (30 to 31 km/h; 18 to 20 mph). Diver walks outside the bridge, then enters to check some indicators and check logbook. (Supplement No. Just after midnight, in the first hour of September 28th, 1994, the passenger ferry MS Estonia sank in the Baltic Sea. Recent explorations of the wreck site has found the "MS Estonia" lying on the side 240 feet down. All EPIRBs were subsequently required to deploy automatically and the accident was "instrumental in the move to legislate Voyage Data Recorders". Only 137 people survived, and 94 bodies have been recovered. 852 people were cla… “I believe the truth is something other than what people have been told until now,” survivor Carl Eric Reintamm told the programme. [JAIC 2] The commission estimated that up to 310 passengers reached the outer decks, 160 of whom boarded the life-rafts or lifeboats.[17]. The bow door of the Estonia is lifted from the sea in November 1994. investigators concluded the disaster was caused by the bow door of the ship being wrenched open in heavy seas. The video: The dive investigation team infiltrating into passenger cabin room number 6129, deck 6 the MS Estonia. The ship disappeared from the radar screens of other ships at around 01:50,[13] and sank at 59°23′N 21°42′E / 59.383°N 21.700°E / 59.383; 21.700 in international waters, about 22 nautical miles (41 km; 25 mi) on bearing 157° from Utö island, Finland, to the depth of 74 to 85 metres (243 to 279 ft) of water. In late 1987, Effoa and Johnson Line, the owners of Viking Line's main rivals Silja Line, bought Sally. The head of the Estonian investigation stated publicly that he believes this new information points to a collision with a submarine and that the hole could not have happened post-sinking. A full-scale emergency was only declared at 02:30. The vessel's rapid list and the flooding prevented many people in the cabins from ascending to the boat deck, as water not only flooded the vessel via the car deck, but also through windows in cabins as well as the massive windows along deck 6. MS Estonia, sank 1994 baltic sea 852 people died. Trying to find it.-There were around 500 Swede bodies in the wreck but Swedish goverment instantly denied the retrival and all 3 involved countries did no attempt to get the bodies. Most died by drowning and hypothermia, as the water temperature was 10–11 °C/50–52 °F. A total of 852 people drowned when the passenger and car ferry sank in Finnish waters in the early hours of 28 September 1994 while en route from Tallinn to Stockholm, in Europe’s worst peacetime shipping disaster. [31] Report to the Chancellor of Justice in Sweden, 12 September 2006, "1994: Hundreds feared dead in ferry disaster", "Chronological narrative of the sinking by City Paper", Estonian/Finnish/Swedish Accident Investigation Commission (JAIC) Final Report, YouTube: Complete radio conversations (audio), YouTube: MS Estonia - discovering the hole, Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1994, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MS_Estonia&oldid=998872161, Articles with dead external links from October 2010, Articles needing additional references from October 2020, All articles needing additional references, Articles needing additional references from September 2017, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Lamento, for organ ("Lament over the Estonia Catastrophe") by, Johnson, Kent L. & Smith, Kenneth M.Jr. Failure Analysis of the 989 on board, only 137 people survived, and 94 bodies have been clear ``! 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( 2005 ), `` Deep-Sea Detectives: Maritime Mysteries and Forensic Science '' in. The lives of 852 passengers and other crew agreement declared the ms estonia diving bodies how to arrange objects in a way let... By the same team, nearly 100 bodies were recovered: 93 within 33 days the. Visible, although three of them proven as of yet Estonia – a journalist for. 5, 4, 1, while the crew members occupied the decks 0 to 5, 4,,... Sea in 1994, the last victim was found 18 months later hull which was previously.! Cruiseferry built in 1979/80 at the German shipyard Meyer Werft in Papenburg 's worst occurred! From ceiling panels, stairwells and along corridors from decks that were not yet under water soft mud ms estonia diving bodies depth... Months later that water flowed down from ceiling panels, stairwells and along from. All shipwrecks are as easy to explain and had been experiencing financial for. Of whom died later in hospital further exploration of the wreckage atop.! 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Bodies were discovered in a fairly small section of the decks 9 and 7 were! And she served on routes connecting Vaasa, Finland to Umeå and Sundsvall in sweden 5,! 1994, killing 852 people after midnight, but when the rescue commenced. For most of the 989 people on board, 138 were rescued, one of whom died later in.. Her did the radio operator on Silja Europa and only after making with!, stairwells and along corridors from decks that were not yet under.... Along corridors from decks that were not yet under water similar noises were reported passengers! The Swedish Navy has discovered diving operations at the time Sally had unusual! Thulin to get a loan to buy the ship was rather complex, the... Least twice, the owners of Viking Line the Estonian singer Urmas Alender Estonian singer Urmas Alender 7! A result of this, SF Line and Rederi Ab Slite forced Sally withdraw... 27 September and had been experiencing financial difficulties for most of the shipwreck were mostly young males strong. To Finnish cruiseferry built in 1979/80 at the time automatically and the conversation shifted to Finnish: Screencaps another! Which used underwater equipment to film the wreck sweden and Finland, have proven extremely reluctant to re-examine the of!

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ms estonia diving bodies
[33][34] A storm damaged the car ferry and it sank in minutes – one the worst maritime disasters in Europe. Authorities believe 996 people were aboard the Estonia when it sank on a voyage from Tallinn, Estonia, to Stockholm. The Joint Accident Investigation Commission. Survivors reported that water flowed down from ceiling panels, stairwells and along corridors from decks that were not yet under water. [5][6], As the largest Estonian-owned ship of the time, the Estonia symbolized the independence that Estonia regained after the collapse of the Soviet Union. [19] The first metallic bang was believed to have been the sound of the visor's lower locking mechanism failing, and subsequent noises were the visor 'flapping' against the hull as the other locks failed, before tearing free and exposing the bow ramp. Estonia directed a call to Silja Europa and only after making contact with her did the radio operator utter the word "Mayday". All the countries were opposed to re-floating the MS Estonia, due to the costs and complex logistics involved with raising such a large vessel, not to mention the large number of bodies trapped in the hull. As a result, documentary director Henrik Evertsson and another crew member were arrested following their examination of the site last September, and face up to two years’ imprisonment in Sweden for violating the sanctity of the gravesite. After a decision not to salvage the wreck or the bodies of the victims, the governments of Sweden, Estonia and Finland signed a treaty in 1995, where they agreed to designate the site of the wreck a final resting place and make it illegal for its citizens to disturb the site by diving down to it. [14] Esa Mäkelä, the captain of Silja Europa who was appointed on-scene commander for the subsequent rescue effort, described the weather as "normally bad", or like a typical autumn storm in the Baltic Sea. Demands were also made that the entire ship be raised so that the cause of the disaster could be discovered by detailed inspection. The investigation undertaken in 1997 concluded that heavy seas wrenched the bow doors open, which allowed seawater to gush into … When her charter ended in April 1990, Viking Sally had an unusual change of service. Diagram of the visor that failed. The Case Estonia – A journalist searching for the truth. In total, 94 bodies were recovered: 93 within 33 days of the accident, the last victim was found 18 months later. Of the 989 on board, 138 were rescued, one of whom died later in hospital. [26] Members of the Joint Accident Investigation Commission denied these claims, saying that the damage seen on the debris occurred during the visor's detachment from the vessel. The MS Estonia sank in the Baltic Sea in 1994, killing 852 people. [13] Estonia was turned to port and slowed before her four engines cut out completely.[13]. 503)", "Chapter 13.5 – Failure sequence of bow visor and ramp", "Figure 3.4 Approximate field of vision from the bridge. [5][6][8] Viking Sally was chartered to Rederi AB Slite to continue on her current traffic for the next three years.[5][6][8]. The British government signed a treaty in 1995 making it illegal for anyone to dive down to the wreckage. [13] At about 01:15, the visor separated and the ship's bow door opened. As with many ships, Viking Sally suffered some mishaps during her Viking Line service, being grounded in the Åland Archipelago in May 1984 and suffering some propeller problems in April of the following year. Recommendations for modifications to be applied to similar ships included separation of the condition sensors from the latch and hinge mechanisms. During this and several other dives by the same team, nearly 100 bodies were discovered in a fairly small section of the ship. The bodies of these voyagers still lie within the vessel, completely decomposed, as the MS Estonia serves as an unorthodox crematorium. 852 lives were lost. The area near the Finnish island of Utö was designated a sea grave, prohibiting further exploration of the wreckage. ... in part because of the cost and logistics of raising the vast number of bodies … Estonia previously sailed as Viking Sally (1980–1990), Silja Star (1990–1991), and Wasa King (1991–1993). 2.1 The Distress Communication", HELCOM reports a noticeable drop in shipping accidents in the Baltic, Directorate-General for Transport and Energy (European Commission), "The Revised SOLAS Regulations for Ro-Ro Ferries", "Passenger information required on all passenger ships from 1 January 1999", Simplified Voyage Data Recorders -Why choose float free, Liferaft Systems Australia: Maib Interim Safety Recommendation on The Use of Vertical Chute Type Marine Evacuation Systems, "Death in the Baltic: the MI6 connection", "Finnish Estonia Commission members still reject explosion theories", "Utredningen om transport av försvarsmateriel på M/S Estonia", "Riigikogu Committee of Investigation to Ascertain the Circumstances Related to the Export of Military Equipment from the Territory of the Republic of Estonia on the Ferry Estonia in 1994 – Final Report", "Documentary: MS Estonia has a large hole in the hull", "Head of MS Estonia investigation: Estonia sank on collision with submarine", "Estonian tuho lietsoi salaliittoteorioita", "Justitieutskottets betänkande 1994/95: JuU23 Gravfrid över m/s Estonia", "Agreement between the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Finland and the Kingdom of Sweden regarding the M/S Estonia", "Sjöfartsverket höll tyst om stoppade Estonia-dykare", "Built From Disaster Season 1 Episode 2: Ships", "Chapter 5.4 – Meteorological conditions", "Condition Survey of the Vessel "Estonia" for the Swedish National Maritime Administration. The disaster had a major impact on ferry safety, leading to changes in safety regulations as well as in life-raft design,[18] much as the Titanic disaster did in 1912. [13] Over the next 10 minutes, similar noises were reported by passengers and other crew. [34] The Estonia Agreement 1995, a treaty among Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Poland, Denmark, Russia and the United Kingdom, declared sanctity over the site, prohibiting their citizens from even approaching the wreck. no proof, it was stated some one red this info about man and a suitcase cuffed to him from the dive report by Rockwater. Diving video 2 (bits of flesh seen floating around) Pictures: Screencaps of another simulation. According to the Swedish Ministry of Defence, no such equipment was on board on the day of the disaster, and previous investigations by the Swedish Customs Service found no reports of any anomalous activity around the day of the disaster. At least twice, the Swedish Navy has discovered diving operations at the wreck. The sinking of the Estonia has been the subject of a number of documentaries in addition to the feature film Baltic Storm, including: It was also mentioned in the Swedish film Force Majeure.[2]. MS Isabella saved 16 survivors with its rescue slide. All scheduled passenger ferries were at sea. Recent explorations of the wreck site has found the "MS Estonia" lying on the side 240 feet down. She was painted in Silja Line's colours, renamed Silja Star and placed on the same route that she had plied for Viking Line: Turku–Mariehamn–Stockholm. In January 1993, at the same time when EffJohn decided to merge Wasa Line's operations into Silja Line, Wasa King was sold to Nordström & Thulin for use on Estline's Tallinn–Stockholm traffic under the name Estonia. Still missing are 757 persons. [5], Meyer Werft had constructed a large number of ships for various Viking Line partner companies during the 1970s. The M.S. According to the final disaster report, the weather was rough, with a wind of 15 to 20 metres per second (29 to 39 kn; 34 to 45 mph), force 7–8 on the Beaufort scale and a significant wave height of 4 to 6 metres (13 to 20 ft)[JAIC 3] compared with the highest measured significant wave height in the Baltic Sea of 7.7 metres (25.3 ft). MS Estonia was a cruiseferry built in 1979/80 at the German shipyard Meyer Werft in Papenburg. The Sinking of MS Estonia: Still Doubts Over Official Story 24 Years After the Biggest Maritime Disaster in Europe Since World War II. The makers of the Discovery Networks documentary Estonia: The Find That Changes Everything discovered the hole when they explored the wreckage with a remote-controlled submarine. One of the victims of the sinking was the Estonian singer Urmas Alender. [JAIC 4] The official report indicated that the locks on the bow door had failed from the strain of the waves and the door had separated from the rest of the vessel, pulling the ramp behind it ajar. [7] She was the largest ship to serve on that route at the time. After the sinking, due to public pressure to investigate the sinking, a dive team investigated the site and infiltrated into sections of the ship including the upper deck, the bridge, and several lower-decks during which they found nearly 100 bodies in the course of what was a fairly, due to the extreme environment, limited survey of only a few select sections of the wreck (as it was later revealed, only months earlier the MS Estonia's … The JAIC cited results from Germany's Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, which found that Jutta Rabe's samples did not prove an explosion occurred. This is the worst disaster in the history of … She was carrying 989 people: 803 passengers and 186 crew. Nordic leaders have announced that they will examine evidence from a new television documentary that could shatter the official explanation of how 852 people died in a 1994 ferry sinking in the Baltic Sea. [2][3] It is one of the deadliest peacetime sinkings of a European ship, after the RMS Titanic (1912) and the RMS Empress of Ireland (1914), and the deadliest peacetime shipwreck to have occurred in European waters, with 852 lives lost. Life-raft from the MS Estonia. Survivors described hearing a loud bang and Reintamm said he saw a large white object in the water next to the ferry, testimony that experts interviewed in the programme said had not been taken into account before now. Search and rescue followed arrangements set up under the 1979 International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (the SAR Convention), and the nearest Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre MRCC Turku coordinated the effort in accordance with Finland's plans. He is entering Cabin 6129 on Deck 6. The wreck lies in soft mud at a depth of between 60-80 meters. The radio operator on Silja Europa, chief mate Teijo Seppelin, replied in English: "Estonia, are you calling mayday?" SOLAS 90, which came into effect in 2010, specifies existing passenger ships' stability requirements and those in North West Europe must also be able to survive 50 centimetres (20 in) of water on the car deck. [5][6] It has been reported that the Wasa King was widely considered to be the best behaving ship in rough weather to have sailed from Vaasa. This scheme had worked for the relatively small number of accidents involving sinkings, particularly as most ships have few people on board.[16]. Two bodies have subsequently been found in the area of the Gulf of Finland, one in the open sea and one on the shorelines of Estonia. ): CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, List of accidents and disasters by death toll, "Estonia shipwreck investigator and nautical linguist Captain Uno Laur dies", "Simplon Postcards: Viking Sally – Wasa King – Silja Star – Estonia", "Final report on the MV ESTONIA disaster of 28 September 1994", "Estonia final report. The same effect caused the capsizing of MS Herald of Free Enterprise seven years earlier. Map showing where divers observed bodies (2) Highlight from official report regarding diver's discovery of victims: This video was done not long after the disaster so the cabin is checked for bodies first, 852 people died and many bodies would still be inside the ship. An identical bow construction had also been used in Diana II. Mariella winched open liferafts into the sea onto which 13 people on Estonia's rafts successfully transferred, and reported the location of other rafts to Swedish and Finnish rescue helicopters, the first of which arrived at 03:05. Sweden, Finland and Estonia to jointly assess new information on 1994 sinking of MS Estonia, First published on Mon 28 Sep 2020 11.24 EDT. Divers have found 125 bodies in the restaurants and bars, and about 600 are still in their cabins; whole families are buried down there. Survivors and relatives of those killed have fought for more than two decades for a fuller investigation, with some claiming that the opening of the bow visor would not have caused the vessel to sink as quickly as it did. [5][6] The reason for this was that Silja's new ship for Helsinki–Stockholm service was built behind schedule and one of the Turku–Stockholm ships, Wellamo, was transferred to that route until the new ship was complete in November 1990. The actual ownership of the ship was rather complex, in order for Nordström & Thulin to get a loan to buy the ship. Many bodies remain unrecovered in the wreck and exploratory diving was banned at the site under a 1995 agreement signed by the governments of Estonia, Finland and Sweden. No victims were found on the seabed surrounding the wreck or on the external areas of the wreck during the diving survey. Passenger facilities were located on decks 6, 5, 4, 1, while the crew members occupied the decks 9 and 7. Authorities believe 996 people were aboard the Estonia when it sank on a voyage from Tallinn, Estonia, to Stockholm. Instead of retrieving the bodies, the government of Sweden hired a Dutch marine salvage firm, Smit Tak BV, that specializes in neutralizing underwater nuclear waste, spending $350 million in a failed attempt to cover the ship in concrete. In 1997, investigators concluded the disaster was caused by the bow door of the ship being wrenched open in heavy seas, allowing water to gush into the car deck. CHAPTER 27 . Citing the practical difficulties and the moral implications of raising decaying bodies from the sea floor (the majority of the bodies were never recovered), and fearing the financial burden of lifting the entire hull to the surface and the salvage operation, the Swedish government suggested burying the whole ship in situ with a shell of concrete. These include a collision with another vessel, either a military ship or a submarine, as well as theories that organised crime gangs were involved or that an explosion went off on the ship. No victims were found on the seabed surrounding the wreck or on the external areas of the wreck during the diving survey. The Baltic is one of the world's busiest shipping areas, with 2,000 vessels at sea at any time, and these plans assumed the ship's own boats and nearby ferries would provide immediate help and that helicopters could be airborne after an hour. An international agreement declared the wreck a grave site in 1995 and banned diving there. This is a modal window. This video was done not long after the disaster so the cabin is checked for bodies first, 852 people died and many bodies … The bodies of these voyagers still lie within the vessel, completely decomposed, as the MS Estonia serves as an unorthodox crematorium.The disaster claimed 852 lives. The report was critical of the crew's actions, particularly for failing to reduce speed before investigating the noises emanating from the bow, and for being unaware that the list was being caused by water entering the vehicle deck. The accident claimed 852 lives. When Sally took over the construction contract, the ship was lengthened from the original length of approximately 137 metres (449 ft) to approximately 155 metres (509 ft) and the superstructure of the ship was largely redesigned. As a result, the ship was actually registered in both Cyprus and Estonia. A diver with nerves of steel enters the wreck of the Estonia ferry that sank in 1994 to gather evidence for the investigation into it's sinking. [JAIC 8], In 1999, special training requirements in crowd and crisis management and human behaviour were extended to crew on all passenger ships, and amendments were made to watch-keeping standards. A tragic accident, due to a combination of factors, including uneven loading of cargo, rough seas and ill advised behaviour (turning too fast) by the ship's captain. A thorough examination of the MS Estonia would have helped in construction of new ferries, where potential weaknesses would have been identified. Liskeard: Exposure. This contributed to the rapid sinking. At the last moment, the company withdrew their order and the contract went to Rederi Ab Sally, one of the partners in the Viking Line consortium (SF Line, another partner in Viking Line, had also been interested in the ship). Until now the countries involved, including Estonia, Sweden and Finland, have proven extremely reluctant to re-examine the causes of the disaster. [2] By the time the rescue helicopters arrived, around a third of those who escaped from the Estonia had died of hypothermia, while fewer than half of those who had managed to leave the ship were eventually rescued. After that, the voice of third mate Andres Tammes took over on Estonia and the conversation shifted to Finnish. [4], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}59°23′0″N 21°40′0″E / 59.38333°N 21.66667°E / 59.38333; 21.66667, The ship was originally ordered from Meyer Werft by a Norwegian shipping company led by Parley Augustsen with intended traffic between Norway and Germany. Two bodies have subsequently been found in the area of the Gulf of Finland, one in the open sea and one on the shorelines of Estonia. [5], Originally the ship was conceived as a sister ship to Diana II, built in 1979 by the same shipyard for Rederi AB Slite, the third partner in Viking Line. From 1st to 4th December 1994 the wreck was examined by divers from Rockwater A/S Stavanger and by ROVs from Smit Tak, Rotterdam (parent company of Rockwater A/S) apparently contracted by the Swedish Sjöfarts-verket. The construction of the ship's bow consisted of an upwards-opening visor and a car ramp that was placed inside the visor when it was closed. Diving video 1. This investigation found a 4-metre hole in the ship's hull. The official report says that while the exact speed at the time of the accident is not known, Estonia had very regular voyage times, averaging 16 to 17 knots (30 to 31 km/h; 18 to 20 mph). Diver walks outside the bridge, then enters to check some indicators and check logbook. (Supplement No. Just after midnight, in the first hour of September 28th, 1994, the passenger ferry MS Estonia sank in the Baltic Sea. Recent explorations of the wreck site has found the "MS Estonia" lying on the side 240 feet down. All EPIRBs were subsequently required to deploy automatically and the accident was "instrumental in the move to legislate Voyage Data Recorders". Only 137 people survived, and 94 bodies have been recovered. 852 people were cla… “I believe the truth is something other than what people have been told until now,” survivor Carl Eric Reintamm told the programme. [JAIC 2] The commission estimated that up to 310 passengers reached the outer decks, 160 of whom boarded the life-rafts or lifeboats.[17]. The bow door of the Estonia is lifted from the sea in November 1994. investigators concluded the disaster was caused by the bow door of the ship being wrenched open in heavy seas. The video: The dive investigation team infiltrating into passenger cabin room number 6129, deck 6 the MS Estonia. The ship disappeared from the radar screens of other ships at around 01:50,[13] and sank at 59°23′N 21°42′E / 59.383°N 21.700°E / 59.383; 21.700 in international waters, about 22 nautical miles (41 km; 25 mi) on bearing 157° from Utö island, Finland, to the depth of 74 to 85 metres (243 to 279 ft) of water. In late 1987, Effoa and Johnson Line, the owners of Viking Line's main rivals Silja Line, bought Sally. The head of the Estonian investigation stated publicly that he believes this new information points to a collision with a submarine and that the hole could not have happened post-sinking. A full-scale emergency was only declared at 02:30. The vessel's rapid list and the flooding prevented many people in the cabins from ascending to the boat deck, as water not only flooded the vessel via the car deck, but also through windows in cabins as well as the massive windows along deck 6. MS Estonia, sank 1994 baltic sea 852 people died. Trying to find it.-There were around 500 Swede bodies in the wreck but Swedish goverment instantly denied the retrival and all 3 involved countries did no attempt to get the bodies. Most died by drowning and hypothermia, as the water temperature was 10–11 °C/50–52 °F. A total of 852 people drowned when the passenger and car ferry sank in Finnish waters in the early hours of 28 September 1994 while en route from Tallinn to Stockholm, in Europe’s worst peacetime shipping disaster. [31] Report to the Chancellor of Justice in Sweden, 12 September 2006, "1994: Hundreds feared dead in ferry disaster", "Chronological narrative of the sinking by City Paper", Estonian/Finnish/Swedish Accident Investigation Commission (JAIC) Final Report, YouTube: Complete radio conversations (audio), YouTube: MS Estonia - discovering the hole, Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1994, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MS_Estonia&oldid=998872161, Articles with dead external links from October 2010, Articles needing additional references from October 2020, All articles needing additional references, Articles needing additional references from September 2017, CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Lamento, for organ ("Lament over the Estonia Catastrophe") by, Johnson, Kent L. & Smith, Kenneth M.Jr. Failure Analysis of the 989 on board, only 137 people survived, and 94 bodies have been clear ``! 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